’Umuhungu wese muri mwe uzaba amaze iminsi umunani avutse azakebwa, bigeze ibihe by’ingoma zanyu zose. Kandi umugabo utakebwe umunwa w’ibyo yambariye azakurwa mu bwoko bwe, azaba yishe isezerano ryanjye’ [Intangiriro 17: 12-14].
Gusiramura cyangwa gukebwa kw’abagabo ni ugukura agahu kari ku gitsina cy’umugabo ku gice cyo hejuru. Nii umwe mu mico imaze imyaka irenga 5000. Bibiliya ivuga ko Aburahamu yabisezeranye n’Imana. Abayahudi babigize umuco kugeza ubwo Yezu/Yesu nawe nyuma yo kuvuka ku munsi wa munani yakebwe.
Hari abavuga ko gusiramura byatangiriye mu gihugu cya Egiputa ari yo Misiri y’ubu mu mwaka wa 3000 mbere y’Ivuka rya Yezu. Byakorwaga mu rwego rwo gutuma abagabo bagira isuku bakarwanya n’indwara yatumaga agahu ko kw’isonga y’igitsina katihina (Phimosis). Bwari kandi na bumwe mu buryo bwo kwiyeza.
Ni umuco mbere wafatwaga nk’ikirango gikomeye cy’Abayahudi kuko amateka yerekana ko muri Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi, ku mugabane w’i Burayi, ngo Abanazi baba barabigize kimwe mu bimenyetso bareberaho mu kubahiga.
Iyo utandukiriye gato ukimukira mu idini ya Islam, usanga gusiramura byarahawe umwanya ukomeye muri iri dini bihereye mu bihugu by’Abarabu. By’umwihariko bwari bumwe mu buryo bwabafashaga guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwo mu mucanga wo mu butayu dore ko byinshi mu bihugu Islam yavukiyemo byari byiganje mu gace k’ubutayu.
Mu ntangiriro, Kiliziya ntiyawakiriye ariko mu kinyejana cya 19 basanze ari ngombwa gushyira ingufu mu gikorwa cyo gukeba abana b’abahungu bavukaga kugira ngo harwanywe umuco utari mwiza wo kwikinisha wari wadutse mu rubyiruko rw’abana b’abahungu icyo gihe.
Hari kandi imyizerere y’uko gusiramura bwari bumwe mu buryo bwifashishwaga mu kuvura igicuri, imbasa ndetse no gucibwamo (diarrhea).
Umuco wo kwisiramuza mu Rwanda
Mu Rwanda, gusiramura ngo byazanywe n’abantu bavaga mu bihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwa Afurika mu gihe cy’ubukoloni.
Kuri ubu gusiramura ni imwe mu nama zitangwa n’impuguke mu kugira isuku ku mubiri w’umugabo no kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera Sida ku kigero cya 60% ndetse n’izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Ibihugu byinshi usanga bishishikariza abaturage babyo kwisiramuza ndetse hagashorwamo ingengo y’imari itubutse yaba mu bukangurambaga, ibikoresho no mu gusiramura ababishaka ku buntu. Gusa ku mpamvu zitandukanye hari abatarabyitabira.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Gatandatu ku buzima n’imibereho by’abaturage n’ubuzima (RDHS ) bugaragaza ko abagabo bafite imyaka 15-49, abagera kuri 56% basiramuye, muri bo 51% basiramuwe n’abaganga mu gihe 3% basiramuwe n’abahanga gakondo cyangwa abandi. Ubaze kuva ku myaka 15-59 ni 52.5%.
Mu mujyi wa Kigali niho hari abagabo benshi basiramuye bangana na 72.4%, ukurikiwe n’Intara y’Uburengerazuba ifite 62.6%, Uburasirazuba ni 56.3%, Amajyaruguru ni 49.8% naho Amajyepfo ni 41.4%.
Ugendeye ku madini, abagabo b’Abanyagatolika bisiramuje mu Rwanda ni 52.9%, Abaporotesitanti ni 57%, Abadivantisiti ni 57.2%, Abayisilamu ni 90.7%, Abahamya ba Yehova ni 57%, Abatagira idini babarizwamo ni 47.5%.
Nk’uko RDHS ibigaragaza, dore uturere 10 twa mbere dufite abagabo benshi badasiramuye. Ni uturere twiganjemo utw’intara y’Amajyepfo.
Akarere ka Nyamagabe
Akarere ka Nyamagabe ni kamwe mu turere tugize Intara y’Amajyepfo, kagizwe n’imirenge 17, kari ku buso 1090 Km2, gatuwe n’abaturage 374,098 (Abagabo ni 183,380 n’abagore 190,790).
Ni ko karere ka mbere gafite abagabo benshi badasiramuye nk’uko RDHS ibigaragaza. Gafite abagabo 25% gusa basiramuye. Bivuze ko nibura mu bagabo 100 bari hamwe haba harimo 25 gusa basiramuye.
Akarere ka Ngororero
Ngororero ni akarere tugize intara y’Uburengerazuba, Ngororero igizwe n’Imirenge 13, Utugari 73 ndetse n’midugudu 419.
Aka karere gatuwe n’abaturage bagera kuri 333,723; k’ubucucike bw’abaturage 493 kuri kilometero kare (km2).
Akarere ka Ngororero ni aka kabiri mu dufite abagabo benshi badasiramuye, aho abagera kuri 30%, ari bo bonyine gusa basiramuye. Bivuze ko mu bagabo 100 haba barimo 70 badasiramuye.
Akarere ka Nyaruguru
Akarere ka Nyaruguru kari mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo kakaba kagizwe n’Imirenge 14 ifite utugari 72 n’imidugudu 332. Gahana imbibi n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe, Huye, Gisagara, Igihugu cy’u Burundi na Pariki ya Nyungwe.
Ni akarere ka gatatu mu dufite abagabo benshi badasiramuye, aho abasiramuye bangana na 35% gusa. Mu buryo bworoshye, mu bagabo 100 ba Ngororero haba harimo 35 gusa basiramuye.
Akarere ka Gisagara
Akarere ka Gisagara ni kamwe mu turere 30 tugize Igihugu cy’u Rwanda. Gaherereye mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, mu majyepfo yayo. Mu majyepfo n’iburasirazuba gahana imbibi n’igihugu cy’u Burundi, mu majyaruguru gahana imbibi n’Akarere ka Nyanza naho iburengerazuba kagahana imbibi n’Uturere twa Nyaruguru na Huye. Kagizwe n’Imirenge 13, Utugari 59 n’Imidugudu 524.
Aka karere gatuwe n’abaturage 380,164. Mu bagabo bagatuye abasiramuye ni 39% gusa, aho nibura mu bagabo 100 harimo 39 gusa basiramuye. Ni aka kane mu kugira abagabo benshi badasiramuye mu gihugu.
Akarere ka Ruhango
Akarere ka Ruhango gatuwe n’abaturage 357,028, bari mu ngo 86803, barimo abagabo 178,353 n’abagore 178,675. Ubuso bw‘Akarere ka Ruhango bungana na km2 626.8 ni ukuvuga abaturage 568 kuri km2
Mu bagabo batuye Akarere ka Ruhango bari hagati y’imyaka 15-49, harimo 40% basiramuye gusa. Mu buryo bworoshye, mu bagabo 100 bo muri Ruhango haba harimo 40 gusa basiramuye. Ni aka gatanu mu gihugu mu kugira abagabo benshi badasiramuye.
Akarere ka Muhanga
Akarere ka Muhanga ni kamwe mu Turere 8 tugize Intara y’Amajyepfo, kagizwe n’imirenge 12, Utugari 63 n’Imidugudu 331. Akarere ka Muhanga gafite ubuso bwa Km² 647,7 gatuwe n’abaturage bangana na 357.904. Akarere ka Muhanga gatuwe n’abaturage 552 kuri Km².
Mu bagabo batuye Akarere ka Muhanga bari hagati y’imyaka 15-49, harimo 40% gusa basiramuye. Bivuze ko mu bagabo 100 haba harimo 60 badasiramuye. Ibi bituma kaba akarere ka gatandatu gafite abagabo benshi badasiramuye.
Akarere ka Nyanza
Akarere ka Nyanza gaherereye mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, ni aka karindwi mu dufite abagabo benshi badasiramuye nk’uko RDHS ibigaragaza. Abagabo basiramuye muri aka karere ni 41% gusa.
Mu turere turindwi dufite abagabo benshi badasiramuye harimo dutandatu two mu ntara y’Amajyepfo. Ku rwego rw’intara abasiramuye ni 41%, Kamonyi niyo ifite benshi bangana na 55%, Nyamagabe niyo ifite bake bangana na 25%. Ugereranyije RDHS ya 2014/2015 n’iya 2019/2020, ijanisha ry’abagabo basiramuye mu ntara yose ryavuye kuri 17% rigera kuri 41%.
Akarere ka Gakenke
Akarere ka Gakenke ni kamwe mu Turere dutanu tugize Intara y’Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda. Gafite ubuso bungana na 704.06 Km2; Imirenge 19; utugari 97 n’imidugudu 617. Gatuwe n’abaturage 382, 932 ubucucike bw’abaturage (Population density) ni 540 kuri Km2 imwe. Abagore 193, 041 (50.4%), Abagabo 189,891( 49.6 %).
Mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru yose Akarere ka Gakenke ni aka mbere mu kugira abagabo benshi badasiramuye kakaba aka munani mu gihugu cyose, aho abagabo basiramuye ari 41%.
Akarere ka Rulindo
Akarere ka Rulindo gafite ubuso bungana na 567 Km2; Imirenge 17; utugari 71 n’imidugudu 494. Akarere ka Rulindo gatuwe n’Abaturage 337,820. ubucucike bw’abaturage (Population density) ni 596 kuri Km2 imwe. Abagore 207,830, Abagabo 129,990.
Mu bagabo bagatuye bafite imyaka 15-49, abagera kuri 47% gusa nibo basiramuye abandi 53% ntabwo basiramuye. Ibi bituma kajya ku mwanya wa cyenda mu kugira abagabo benshi badasiramuye mu Rwanda.
Gatsibo, Burera na Gicumbi
Uturere twa Gatsibo, Burera na Gicumbi dusangiye umwanya wa 10 mu kugira abagabo benshi badasiramuye. Muri utu turere, abagabo 48% bonyine nibo basiramuye.
Mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, Akarere gafite abagabo benshi basiramuwe ni abo mu Karere ka Rwamagana bangana na 64%, mu gihe Gatsibo ni ko karere gafite abagabo bake bisiramuje mu Burasirazuba bangana na 48%, gakurikirwa n’akarere ka Ngoma na Bugesera buri kamwe gafite 55%.
Gusa ariko ugiye kureba ku rwego rw’intara, ijanisha ry’abagabo basiramuwe ryariyongereye kuko ryavuye kuri 27% mu 2014/2015 kugera kuri 56% mu 2019/2020. Ku rwego rw’uturere twose habayeho kuzamuka ariko byazamutse cyane mu Karere ka Kayonza aho byavuye kuri 19% bigera kuri 60%.
Mu Mujyi wa Kigali, abagabo batatu muri bane bafite imyaka 15-49 barasiramuwe, ni ukuvuga 72%. Ku rwego rw’uturere, muri Kicukiro abagabo baho 82% barasiramuye mu gihe muri Nyarugenge ari 74%, ni mu gihe muri Gasabo ari 66%. bivuze ko ari ho hari bake.
Ugereranyije 2014/2015 na 2019/2020, abasiramuwe mu Mujyi wa Kigali biyongereyeho hejuru ya 20%.
Mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru abagabo basiramuwe bangana na 50 ku ijana, Muri iyi ntara abagabo benshi basiramuwe bari mu Karere ka Musanze bangana na 61% mu gihe agafite bake ari Gakenke bangana na 41%. Mu myaka itanu bariyongereye bava kuri 19% bagera kuri 50%.
Intara y’Uburengerazuba niyo ifite abagabo benshi bari hagati y’imyaka 15-49, bisiramuje, aho Akarere ka Rusizi ari ko gafite benshi mu gihugu bangana na 91%, Rubavu ni 76%, Nyamasheke ni 68%, Nyabihu ni 61%.
Kuki hari abagabo batisiramuza?
Umwe mu bagabo batarisiramuza utashatse ko dutangaza amazina ye, yabwiye IGIHE ko icyatumye atabikora ari amakuru yahawe ko uwisiramuje ataryoherwa n’imibonano mpuzabitsina nk’utarabikoze.
Ati” Njyewe numvise ko uwabikoze iyo abonanye n’umugore aba ameze nk’igiti nta buryohe yumva. Ibi byanteye ubwoba kandi ndanakuze ntabwo mbikeneye.”
Uretse uyu, hari n’abafite imyumvire y’uko ari igikorwa kigenewe abo mu idini ya Islam gusa. Ku rundi ruhande ariko iyi myumvire ikomeje kugenda ihinduka.
