COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease) ni indwara ahanini yibasira imyanya y’ubuhumekero iterwa na virusi izwi nka SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2).
- Coronavirus ifite ibimenyetso ihuriyeho n’ibicurane na aleriji, ikagira n’ibyo yihariye (Photo:Internet)
Si ubwa mbere coronavirus igaragaye ku isi, kuko muri 2003, SARS ni bwo yagaragaye na bwo yahitanye benshi cyane cyane muri aziya, ariko iyaje ubu itandukanye cyane n’iyabanje, kuko yo yandura vuba kandi igahitana benshi.
Covid-19 itangira yigaragaza nk’ibicurane (grippe), kuri ubu ikaba imaze kugaragara ku bantu basaga 105.586, naho abahitanywe na yo bakaba ari 3.584 mu bihugu 101 byo ku isi, nkuko bigaragazwa na raporo y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS) yo ku itariki 8 werurwe 2020.
Kubera ubukana bwa coronavirus nshya n’uburyo ikwirakwira, abatuye isi bahagaritse imitima ndetse ubwoba ni bwose, nubwo ingambya zo kuyihashya no kuyikumira zikomeje gukazwa.
Ibi bituma abantu basanzwe bagira aleriji (allergie) n’abarwaye ibicurane (grippe) bakeka ko baba baranduye iki cyorezo. Kumenya aho izi ndwara uko ari eshatu zihurira n’aho zitandukanira bikaba ari ingenzi.
Iyi ndwara iterwa na coronavirus nshya ya SARS-CoV-2 yatangiriye mu Mujyi wa Wuhan mu Bushinwa, ifite ibimenyetso bisa n’ibya grippe, ndetse ikagira n’ibindi byinshi yihariye.
Virus ya SARS-CoV ikwirakwira vuba byihuse kurusha virusi itera grippe, ndetse mu bayanduye igahitana umubare munini w’abantu kurusha grippe.
CNN yaganiriye na Dr. Greg Poland, umwarimu wigisha ibijyanye n’ubuvuzi n’indwara ziterwa na virus mu ivuriro ryitwa ‘Mayo Clinic’, akaba anakuriye itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ku nkingo, agaragaza itandukaniro n’ihuriro biri hagati ya aleriji, ibicurane na coronavirus.
Aleriji
Avuga kuri Aleriji, yagaragaje ko hari ibimenyetso by’ingenzi bizigaragaza nko kumva ukonje, kumva amaso aryaryata, kugira ibicurane cyangwa kumva amazuru aremereye, ndetse no kwitsamura.
Dr. Poland yongeyeho ko aleriji zitatuma umuntu agira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi cyangwa kubura umwuka usibye mu gihe waba usanzwe ufite ubundi burwayi bw’imyanya y’ubuhumekero nka asima (asthma).
Aleriji n’ibicurane
Avuga ku byo ibicurane na aleriji bihuriraho, agaragaza ko byombi nk’uburwayi busanzwe, bimara igihe gito iyo umuntu afashe imiti igabanya ubukana bwabyo, ndetse ko bishobora no kwikiza ubwabyo, usibye nko mugihe umuntu yaba asanganywe ubuzima budahagaze neza.
Ibicurane na Coronavirus
Dr. Poland akomeza agaragaza ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ibicurane na coronavirus bishobora guhuriraho birimo kugira umuriro, kumva unaniwe cyangwa se ucitse intege, kubabara umubiri, ndetse no kuba ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba byagenda bikara kurushaho kandi byo bikaba byanagira ingaruka ku myanya y’ubuhumekero no kuzindi ngingo cyangwa se sisitemu (systeme) z’umubiri wose mu gihe allergie zo zigarukira ku gice cy’umutwe.
Ikindi kandi ngo ibicurane na byo bishobora kugira ingaruka yo guhumeka nabi no kurwara umusonga, bikaba byatuma umuntu akeka ko ari coronavirus, aha rero ni ngombwa kwihutira kugana kwa muganga.
Umwihariko kuri Coronavirus
Dr. Poland akomeza avuga ko hari ibimenyetso byihariye cyangwa se amakuru waheraho ukeka ko waba waranduye Coronavirus nko kugira inkorora, kubura umwuka cyangwa se guhumeka nabi, gutekereza ku mateka y’ingendo wakoze, ibi bikaza byiyongera kuri byabindi coronavirius ihuriyeho na grippe.
Ibimenyetso byayo akenshi bigaragara hagati y’iminsi 2-14 (incubation period), hakaba n’abantu bitangira kugaragara mu munsi 27.
Nkuko Dr. Poland abigaragaza, mu ntangiriro coronavirus, ibicurane na aleriji bishobora kugira ibimenyetso bimwe, ari na yo mpamvu umuntu akwiye kwita kukureba niba ibyo bimenyetso bikomeza kwiyongera cyane cyane mu gihe uri mu itsinda ry’abantu bugarijwe na coronavirus, cyangwa ukeka ko hari aho waba warahuriye na yo.
Hari ibibazo by’ingenzi wakwibaza cyangwa se umuganga yabaza umurwayi mu gihe hakekwa ko umuntu yaba yaranduye Coronavirus:
Hari ingendo waba uherutse gukora? Wagiye hehe?
Hari umuntu waba warahuye na we avuye mu kindi gihugu? Ni hehe yari aturutse?
Waba utuye hafi y’ahantu hashyizwe mu kato kubera coronavirus?
CNN dukesha aya makuru ivuga ko mu mezi make ahise, miliyoni 30 z’Abanyamerika banduye virus, Dr. Poland akavuga ko abagera mu bihumbi 300 na 500 muri bo bashyizwe mu bitaro, naho abandi 30,000 muri bo bakaba barapfuye.
Amakuru atangwa na OMS, agaragaza ko kuva ku bantu 290, 000 kugeza ku 650.000 by’abantu bahitanwa n’ibicurane ku isi yose buri mwaka.
Mu Bufaransa mu mwaka wa 2018-2019 ibicurane byahitanye abantu 8.100. Bivuze ko umubare w’abapfuye ugereranyije n’uwabanduye (le nombre de létalité) uri ku kigero kiri hagati ya 0,2% na 0,5%.
Naho umubare w’abamaze guhitanwa na Coronavirus nshya ugereranyije n’abayanduye ukaba uri ku kigero cya 3,4%.
