Icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyatumye hafatwa ingamba zikomeye, zirimo no guhagarika imirimo imwe n’imwe itihutirwa, cyangwa aho bishoboka abakozi bagakorera mu ngo zabo.
Hari bamwe mu bakoresha bahisemo kuba basubitse amasezerano y’akazi, abandi basezerera abakozi babo, bitewe n’impungenge yo kutazabona imishahara yo kubahemba, mu gihe nta kazi kinjiza amafaranga kakozwe.
Ibi ariko, ntibikorwa uko buri wese abishaka, kuko hagomba gukurikizwa icyo itegeko riteganya.
Twaganiriye na Me Maurice Munyentwali, Umunyamategeko, akaba no mu rugaga rw’aba Avocats mu Rwanda, atubwira icyo itegeko riteganya, ndete n’ibyo abakoresha bagomba kwitondera muri iki gihe abakozi benshi batakijya ku kazi.
Me Munyentwari avuga ko Itegeko ry’Umurimo mu Rwanda rya 2018, riteganya ibihe bitandukanye amasezerano ashobora kuba yasubikwa, ndetse rigateganya n’uko amasezerano ashobora guseswa burundu.
Gusubika amasezerano, ntibivuze ko amasezerano avuyeho. Ahubwo ni ukuvuga ko buri ruhande rusubitse zimwe cyangwa zose mu nshingano rufite muri ayo masezerano, kugeza igihe azasubukurwa. Gusesa amasezerano ku buryo bwa burundu na byo byakorwa ariko bikurikije amategeko.
Munyentwari avuga ko muri iki gihe cya Covid-19, amasezerano yasubikwa cyangwa agaseswa burundu kubera impamvu ebyiri zikurikira:
Impamvu ntarengwa cyangwa impamvu ntakuka (Force majeure)
Aha, ni igihe bitewe n’ibyago byabaye, akazi kakorwaga kadashobora gukomeza. Aha twavuga nk’ibiza (inkongi y’umuriro, umutingito, imyuzure), ibyorezo n’ibindi. Uyu munsi, twavuga ibi bihe bidasanzwe byatewe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19.
Kuri iyi mpamvu, umukoresha amenyesha umukozi mu nyandiko ko amasezerano asubitswe, akandikamo impamvu, kandi ko amasezerano azakomeza mu gihe impamvu ivuyeho.
Muri icyo gihe, umukozi ntahembwa ariko na we ntakora. Muri iyi minsi kandi, umukoresha ntiyemerewe kwirukana umukozi, ndetse n’umukozi ntiyemerewe gushaka akazi ahandi, kuko aba agifite amasezerano agomba gukurikiza, keretse abanje kubyumvikanaho n’umukoresha we, agasezera ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.
Umukoresha kandi ntaba yemerewe gusimbuza umukozi wasubikiwe amasezerano. Ubu buryo, ni bwo bwakoreshejwe cyane muri iki gihe cya Covid-19.
Muri ibi bihe ariko hashobora kudasubikwa amasezerano, ahubwo umukozi n’umukoresha babyumvikanye, bashobora gufata iyi minsi nk’ikiruhuko cy’umwaka umukozi aba yemerewe, mu gihe iminsi amaze ku kazi, imwemerera gufata ikiruhuko. Ikiruhuko akazagihemberwa nubwo aba ataje ku kazi, ariko ntazagire ikindi afata muri uwo mwaka.
Umukoresha kandi abyumvikanyeho n’umukozi, ashobora guhitamo guhemba umukozi umushahara utuzuye (nka 50%, 20%, …) bitewe n’uburemere bw’ikibazo bagize ndetse n’akazi kashobora gukorwa.
Gusubika amasezerano kubera impamvu y’ubukungu
Abantu benshi bafite impungenge ko uretse no muri iyi minsi abantu benshi badakora akazi kabo uko byari bisanzwe, no mu gihe icyorezo cya Covid-19 kizaba cyarangiye, ibigo byinshi bishobora kuzahura n’ikibazo cy’ubukungu, bitewe n’igihe byamaze bidakora.
Aha Itegeko ry’umurimo mu Rwanda ryemerera abakoresha kuba bagabanya abakozi kuko n’ubukungu buba bwagabanutse. Ibi ariko, bifite uko bikorwa hirindwa ko hari uruhande rwakwica itegeko.
Maurice Munyentwari avuga ko itegeko rivuga ko mu kugabanya abakozi, umukoresha ahera ku bakozi badafite abantu benshi batunze. Bivuze ko umukoresha agomba kubanza kuganira n’abakozi akamenya n’inshingano bafite ku miryango yabo.
Aha ntibareba ku bashatse cyangwa ababyaye gusa, kuko ushobora kuba utarashaka ariko ufite umuryango munini utunze. Aha umukoresha na we arareba agakoresha ubunyangamugayo bwe.
Aha kandi umukoresha asezerera umukozi mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 90. Iyo impamvu yatumye basezererwa irengeje iminsi 90 itaravaho, umukoresha asezerera umukozi burundu, akamuha n’ibyo amategeko amwemerera, (ibirarane, imperekeza,…).
Iyo ya mpamvu yateye ihungabana ry’ubukungu ivuyeho hatarashira amezi atandatu, umukoresha agashaka gutanga akazi, agomba guhera kuri wa wundi yasezereye, kandi nta kizamini akora. Iyo ibi byose bitubahirijwe, umukoresha aba yirukanye umukozi ku buryo butemewe n’amategeko.
